Two well-known cases are found in the speeches of Demosthenes, a prominent statesman and orator in ancient Greece. In legal terms, hubristic violations of the law included what might today be termed assault-and- battery, sexual crimes, or the theft of public or sacred property. Shame was frequently reflected upon the perpetrator, as well. In some contexts, the term had a sexual connotation. In ancient Greek, hubris referred to “outrage”: actions that violated natural order, or which shamed and humiliated the victim, sometimes for the pleasure or gratification of the abuser. In legal usage, it meant assault or sexual crimes and theft of public property, and in religious usage it meant transgression against a god. The term hubris originated in Ancient Greek, where it had several different meanings depending on the context. The adjectival form of the noun hubris/ hybris is hubristic/ hybristic. Hubris often indicates a loss of contact with reality and an overestimation of one's own competence, accomplishments, or capabilities. Hubris is usually perceived as a characteristic of an individual rather than a group, although the group the offender belongs to may suffer collateral consequences from wrongful acts. Īccording to studies, hubris, arrogance, and pretension are related to the need for victory (even if it does not always mean winning) instead of reconciliation, which "friendly" groups might promote. The term pretension is also associated with the term hubris, but is not synonymous with it. To make undue claims to having", or "to claim or seize without right. To arrogate means "to claim or seize without justification. The term arrogance comes from the Latin adrogare, meaning "to feel that one has a right to demand certain attitudes and behaviors from other people". Hubris ( / ˈ h juː b r ɪ s/ from Ancient Greek ὕβρις ( húbris) 'pride, insolence, outrage'), or less frequently hybris ( / ˈ h aɪ b r ɪ s/), describes a personality quality of extreme or excessive pride or dangerous overconfidence, often in combination with (or synonymous with) arrogance. Black-figure pottery (550 BC) depicting Prometheus serving his sentence, tied to a column.
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